git commands

To set up a new git repo with existing project:

cd .../project
edit .gitignore
git init
git add . -v
git commit

Add repo to bitbucket:
Create repository here: https://bitbucket.org/repo/create

git remote add origin https://user@bitbucket.org/user/project.git
git push -u origin --all
git push -u origin --tags

important concepts in git: the working tree (files on disk), the index (the staging area for the next commit), and HEAD (last commit you made)

to add new file to index OR to get a changed file to the index:

git add whatever.tex

(this does not commit the new file)
to add all changes and new files (but not rm anything) (-v for verbose):

git add -v .

to commit (will prompt for commit message):

git commit

push to github/bitbucket:

git push origin master

to push all branches/tags:

git push --all
git push --tags

diff between working copy and index:

git diff

diff between index and HEAD:

git diff --cached

diff between local (HEAD?) and github:

git diff origin/master master

status:

git status

abbreviated status:

git diff --name-status
git diff --cached --name-status

create new branch:

git checkout -b branch_name

list branches:

git branch

switch branches

git checkout branch_name

temporarily go back to older state:

git checkout [commit_hash]

...do some stuff...
(can make a new branch here with:

git checkout -b branch_name

)
to switch back:

git checkout master [or whatever original_branch was]

Make a new copy on different computer:

git clone https://github.com/user/project

simple git guide here: http://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/

if you get error like:

error: The requested URL returned error: 403 Forbidden while accessing https://github.com/user/project.git/info/refs

run:

git remote set-url origin https://user@github.com/user/project.git

(see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7438313/pushing-to-git-returning-error-code-403-fatal-http-request-failed )